Castor oil, despite its thick consistency, can penetrate the skin through various mechanisms:

1. Low Molecular Weight: Castor oil has a relatively low molecular weight compared to other oils, which allows it to penetrate the skin more easily. This means that its molecules are smaller and can move through the skin's layers more readily.

2. Emollient Properties: Castor oil is rich in fatty acids, particularly ricinoleic acid, which is known for its emollient properties. These fatty acids help to soften and moisturize the skin, making it more receptive to absorbing other beneficial compounds.

3. Hydrophobic Barrier: While the outer layer of the skin, known as the stratum corneum, acts as a barrier to prevent water loss, it also presents a challenge for substances to penetrate. Castor oil, being hydrophobic (repelling water), can interact with the lipids in the skin's barrier, facilitating its penetration.

4. Enhanced Absorption: When castor oil is applied to the skin, it can enhance the absorption of other active ingredients present in skincare products. This is known as the "penetration enhancer" effect, where castor oil helps to transport other compounds deeper into the skin.

 While Castor oil has many benefits, the list above is why this major player was a must have in our balms.